How do I cite the scale?
You should cite the scale according to the standards of your discipline. The most appropriate citation is: "Rosenberg, Morris. 1989. Society and the Adolescent Self-Image. Revised edition. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press."
Are there foreign language versions of the scale available?
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale is perhaps the most widely-used self-esteem measure in social science research. The scale has been translated into many languages; unfortunately, the University of Maryland is not a repository for such scales. Please refer to the scholarly literature in the language which you are using.
Can you tell me what the scale cut-offs are for high and low self-esteem?
There are no discrete cut-off points to delineate high and low self-esteem. It is recommended that you consult the literature relevant to the population you are interested in studying. By examining this literature you should be able learn more about the norms of a specific population.
